History of St Augustine's Church Locking

The Parish Church of St Augustine dates from the late 14th century and is a Grade II listed building. It stands on a hill above a valley by the Mendip Hills and has views towards the nearby coast. There has been a church since around AD 1230.

St Augustine's church in Locking was founded around AD 1230 by the monks of Woodspring Priory. The oldest part of the church visible today is the tower, which was built in 1380. The font has carvings characteristic of Celtic art from the 11th century, and the figures at the corners are dressed in armour of the style of Richard I (1189–1199)

WHO WAS ST AUGUSTINE ?

There were two St Augustines - St Augustine of Hippo (354-430) who was born in Numidia (now part of Algeria) and became a noted doctrinal theologian in Carthage and Rome, but it was most probably St Augustine of Canterbury (c. 550 - 604) to whom Locking's church was dedicated.

St Augustine of Canterbury was born in Rome and became the first archbishop of Canterbury. Pope Gregory 1st, sent him to England from the monastery of St Andrew in Rome to convert the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity.

When Augustine and his company of monks reached Aix-en-Provence, they were so terrified by reports of the savage islanders that Augustine returned to Rome for permission to give up the attempt, but Gregory refused. A favourable circumstance, which they were unaware of, was that Bertha, the wife of Ethelbert, the Saxon king of Kent, was a Christian.

Augustine landed at Thanet in Kent in 597. There Ethelbert received the embassy, listened patiently to Augustine's sermon, and promised the monks shelter and protection at Canterbury, where a residence was assigned to them. On June 2, 597, Ethelbert was baptized, and thereafter the new faith spread rapidly among the Anglo-Saxons. Augustine was made a bishop and given authority over all future English bishops. In about 603 he tried, unsuccessfully, to achieve uniformity in liturgy and practices between the Celtic and Roman Churches. His feast day is May 28.

THE PARISH OF LOCKING
Although the Parish of Locking is small, it can boast a long history. Before Christianity came to this area, there was a permanent settlement within the boundaries of the present Parish. With the arrival of the Romans wooden huts were replaced by stone buildings. A farm built by the Romans has been uncovered at the nearby Royal Air Force Station. When the Roman legions withdrew in 410 A.D. paganism forced a firm foothold and Christianity largely disappeared in Central and Eastern England. However, in Scotland, Wales and the South West, the Celtic Church flourished. Gradually the Saxons pushed further towards the Atlantic and in 658 A.D. annexed Somerset, but by that time they had been converted to Christianity.

The name "Locking" has a Saxon derivation probably meaning 'Locc's people", and it was in this Saxon period that the Church and village grew. Very little concerning the first thousand years after Christ is known with any certainty, but it may be that in place of a Church there was a preaching cross where villagers could hear the gospel preached by a visiting preacher. If such a cross did exist, no trace of it remains today, though it is possible that the ornamentation on Locking Church Font was copied from the cross. It can be seen from the list of vicars that there were many in Locking before 1380, but it is not known whether they had a Church there.

In 1230 Woodspring Priory in Kewstoke, Weston-super-Mare, was founded at the wish of William de Courtenoi, and Geoffrey Gilbwyne donated "the manor of Lokyng and all belonging to it" to this monastery. Woodspring was owned by The Order of St. Victor which was a sub-division of The Order of St. Augustine, and since Locking Church is dedicated to this Saint it is reasonable to assume that Monks from the Priory founded the Church soon after 1230. The present Church consists for the most part of 19th Century restoration, the nave and chancel were rebuilt on the old base in 1816 and 1833 respectively. The north aisle was added to the previous building in 1814 and so the tower is the only remaining part of the Church built in 1380.

FONT
Undoubtedly the most fascinating part of the Church is the Font. The carving and inter-twined serpents in the panels are characteristic of Celtic art, placing it in the 11th century. However, the figures at the corners are dressed in armour of the style of Richard I (1189 - 1199). A few years ago, it was suggested that their costume is characteristic af Henry V (1413 - 1422) because af the head-dresses of the figures are those which were worn at that time. These head-dresses were cut off during alterations in the last century, when the rim of the font was reduced in height to make it level. But it is possible that the changes were made on the figures to keep costumes up to date with the styles of the time, and the Church built in 1380 might have replaced an earlier Church built in either the 11th or late 12th Century. The font stands beneath the tower, but this was not its original place. The south side lacks ornamentation, and therefore this would have been facing a wall. Also it originally stood on one pillar, part of which was found in the Churchyard recently. The four corner pillars were added in the 19th century to ease the weight on the corners.

TOWER
The tower is a fine example of the towers for which Somerset is famous, and from the top one has a splendid view of the surrounding countryside It is the highest point in the Parish. It was built in 1380 and therefore is the oldest part of the outside Church fabric. The trefoil parapet which surmounts the tower had to be partly restored in 1965 and most recently in 2002.

BELLS
There are six bells in the tower, two of which were cast at Bridgwater. An old beam in the porch dated 1631 and taken from the belfry bares the name of John Pumley, Lord of the Manor. The old door on the inside of the stairs leading to the top of the tower is the original. One bell is inscribed "I to Church the living call and to the grave I summon all".

PULPIT
The pulpit is one of the finest in the county, although now "marred by gaudy paint" ( quotation from F. A. Knight in "Seaboard of Mendip"). Since there are five other octagonal stone pulpits in the vicinity of Banwell it is likely that they are the work of one school of craftsmen. Beneath the Victorian paint, traces of what may be original colouring can be seen, and the pulpit may have been gaily painted with vegetable dye when first carved in about 1480.

COMMUNION TABLE
The Lord's Table was probably made about 1814, the four legs matching the classic columns in the nave.

PARISH RECORDS
There was an old chest in the Church dating back to the 17th century. It contains Parish records from that date, and these contain many items of local interest. For example, six pence was given to Englishmen who had been robbed by pirates. There was also an old map in the vestry an vellum dated 1800, which shows the village with just thirteen houses.

MONUMENTS
In 1969 when a new heating system was put in the Church, a plaque covering a grave was discovered at the back of the Church. It is dated 1704. There is also a War Memorial plaque to a villager who died in the 1914 - 1918 war. The Lych gate was erected in 1910 by the Parishioners in memory of the Vicar of the Parish from 1894 - 1909.

WINDOWS
The stained glass windows are in the main Victorian and are good examples of this period. There is one contemporary window.

CHANCEL PANELLING
This was done by Locking Woodworking Class from 1914 - 17. A number of parishioners carved separate panels, their names can be seen on the panels.

The Church Is a House of Prayer, worship and witness, not just a museum. People in each generation need to know the peace of our Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit.

 

Reminiscences of Locking

Personal reminiscence of Locking and St Augustines written by William Henry Parsons who was born in Locking in 1865 can be found here

History of Rev Alexander John Woodforde, (1839-1909) Vicar of St Augustines Locking for 15 years. He is buried inthe churchyard and commemorated on the Church Lych Gate.